I am a Research Fellow at KU Leuven. Previously, I was a Senior Researcher and Guest Professor of Quantitative Methods at KU Leuven, following a joint PhD in Political Science at KU Leuven and University of Antwerp and visiting fellowships at University of Vienna and Aarhus University.

My research is primarily situated in the fields of political behavior and comparative politics, with a strong focus on quantitative methods and commitment to open science. In my doctoral dissertation, I studied under which conditions affective polarization matters for European politics and democracy, and contrasted it with the U.S.’ two-party system. Through six empirical articles, my research finds that Europe’s multiparty systems contain particular levers that can channel partisan animosity toward defending democratic norms rather than eroding them. However, this resilience is contingent: if elites fail to cooperate or abdicate their role as gatekeepers of democracy, politics can harden into a binary clash, placing even multiparty systems at risk of democratic decline.

Beyond lectures and invited talks, I have shared my research with wider audiences through live national radio (Radio 1) and several media outlets, including De Tijd, De Morgen, Het Laatste Nieuws, Télésambre, 7sur7, BRF Nachrichten, Grenz-Echo, and Kleine Zeitung.

Links to open-access versions of my doctoral dissertation and five international peer-reviewed articles are provided below.

Doctoral Dissertation

Beyond the Two-Party Divide: How Coalition Dynamics and Ideological Orientations Redefine Affective Polarization in Europe
Vanagt (2026) Open-Access

International Peer-Reviewed Publications

Partisan Affect and Political Tolerance in the Context of Shifting Norms: The Effect of Coalition Signals towards the Radical Right
Vanagt, Praprotnik, Russo & Wagner (2025) Journal of European Public Policy
Open-Access Article | Replication Files

United in Success, Fragmented in Failure: The Moderating Effect of Perceived Government Performance on Affective Polarization between Coalition Parties
Vanagt & Kollberg (2025) European Journal of Political Research
Open-Access Article | Replication Files

The Economic Divide That Isn’t: A Comparative Study on Economic Hardship and Affective Polarization
Vanagt & Russo (2024) Research & Politics
Open-Access Article | Replication Files

Affective Polarization Among Radical-Right Supporters: Dislike Differentiation and Democratic Support
Vanagt, Praprotnik, Russo & Wagner (2024) Politics and Governance
Open-Access Article | Replication Files

Appraising Measurements of Affective Polarization in Multiparty Systems: Comparative Insights from the Low Countries
Vanagt (2024) Politics of the Low Countries
Open-Access Article

Work in Progress

The Low Countries (Belgium & the Netherlands): Balancing National Diversity with Supranational Integration
Forthcoming | Eck & Vanagt. In Comparative European Politics (Taylor & Francis Group)

Reversing Radical-Right Normalization: Evidence from a Natural Quasi-Experiment
Under Review | Vanagt, Jacobs, Eck & Pilet

Rethinking Political Identity in Europe: Partisan and Ideological Attachment in Times of Affective Polarization
Under Review | Russo & Vanagt

Let’s (Not) Disagree: How Tolerance for Disagreement Shapes Horizontal Affective Polarization
Under Review | Russo & Vanagt | Pre-Print

Public support for the cordon sanitaire in Belgium. Exploring the impact of institutionalization
Working Paper | Eck, Pilet, Jacobs & Vanagt

Jochem Vanagt


I am a Research Fellow at KU Leuven. Previously, I was a Senior Researcher and Guest Professor of Quantitative Methods at KU Leuven, following a joint PhD in Political Science at KU Leuven and University of Antwerp and visiting fellowships at University of Vienna and Aarhus University.

My research is primarily situated in the fields of political behavior and comparative politics, with a strong focus on quantitative methods and commitment to open science. In my doctoral dissertation, I studied under which conditions affective polarization matters for European politics and democracy, and contrasted it with the U.S.’ two-party system. Through six empirical articles, my research finds that Europe’s multiparty systems contain particular levers that can channel partisan animosity toward defending democratic norms rather than eroding them. However, this resilience is contingent: if elites fail to cooperate or abdicate their role as gatekeepers of democracy, politics can harden into a binary clash, placing even multiparty systems at risk of democratic decline.

Beyond lectures and invited talks, I have shared my research with wider audiences through live national radio (Radio 1) and several media outlets, including De Tijd, De Morgen, Het Laatste Nieuws, Télésambre, 7sur7, BRF Nachrichten, Grenz-Echo, and Kleine Zeitung.

Links to open-access versions of my doctoral dissertation and five international peer-reviewed articles are provided below.

Doctoral Dissertation

Beyond the Two-Party Divide: How Coalition Dynamics and Ideological Orientations Redefine Affective Polarization in Europe
Vanagt (2026) Open-Access

International Peer-Reviewed Publications

Partisan Affect and Political Tolerance in the Context of Shifting Norms: The Effect of Coalition Signals towards the Radical Right
Vanagt, Praprotnik, Russo & Wagner (2025) Journal of European Public Policy
Open-Access Article | Replication Files

United in Success, Fragmented in Failure: The Moderating Effect of Perceived Government Performance on Affective Polarization between Coalition Parties
Vanagt & Kollberg (2025) European Journal of Political Research
Open-Access Article | Replication Files

The Economic Divide That Isn’t: A Comparative Study on Economic Hardship and Affective Polarization
Vanagt & Russo (2024) Research & Politics
Open-Access Article | Replication Files

Affective Polarization Among Radical-Right Supporters: Dislike Differentiation and Democratic Support
Vanagt, Praprotnik, Russo & Wagner (2024) Politics and Governance
Open-Access Article | Replication Files

Appraising Measurements of Affective Polarization in Multiparty Systems: Comparative Insights from the Low Countries
Vanagt (2024) Politics of the Low Countries
Open-Access Article

Work in Progress

The Low Countries (Belgium & the Netherlands): Balancing National Diversity with Supranational Integration
Forthcoming | Eck & Vanagt. In Comparative European Politics (Taylor & Francis Group)

Reversing Radical-Right Normalization: Evidence from a Natural Quasi-Experiment
Under Review | Vanagt, Jacobs, Eck & Pilet

Rethinking Political Identity in Europe: Partisan and Ideological Attachment in Times of Affective Polarization
Under Review | Russo & Vanagt

Let’s (Not) Disagree: How Tolerance for Disagreement Shapes Horizontal Affective Polarization
Under Review | Russo & Vanagt | Pre-Print

Public support for the cordon sanitaire in Belgium. Exploring the impact of institutionalization
Working Paper | Eck, Pilet, Jacobs & Vanagt